untung99.homes: PHP Variables

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Variables are “containers” for storing information.

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Creating (Declaring) PHP Variables

In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable:

After the execution of the statements above, the variable
$txt will hold the value
Hello world!, the variable
$x will hold the value
5,
and the variable $y will hold the value
10.5.

Note: When you assign a text value to a variable, put quotes around the value.

Note: Unlike other programming languages, PHP has no command
for declaring a variable. It is created the moment you first assign a value to
it.

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A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume).

Rules for PHP variables:

• A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable
• A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character
• A variable name cannot start with a number
• A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )
• Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and
  $AGE are two different variables)

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Output Variables

The PHP echo statement is often used to output data to the screen.

The following example will show how to output text and a variable:

The following example will produce the same output as the example above:

The following example will output the sum of two variables:

Note: You will learn more about the echo statement and how
to output data to the screen in the next chapter.

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PHP is a Loosely Typed Language

In the example above, notice that we did not have to tell PHP which data type the variable is.

PHP automatically associates a data type to the variable, depending on its value.
Since the data types are not set in a strict sense, you can do things like
adding a string to an integer without causing an error.

In PHP 7, type declarations were added. This gives an option to specify
the data type expected when declaring a function, and by enabling the strict requirement, it will throw a “Fatal
Error” on a type mismatch.

You will learn more about strict and
non-strict requirements, and
data type declarations in the PHP Functions chapter.

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