untung99.homes: SQL Server Functions
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SQL Server has many built-in functions.
This reference contains string, numeric, date,
conversion, and some advanced functions
in SQL Server.
SQL Server String Functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ASCII | Returns the ASCII value for the specific character |
CHAR | Returns the character based on the ASCII code |
CHARINDEX | Returns the position of a substring in a string |
CONCAT | Adds two or more strings together |
Concat with + | Adds two or more strings together |
CONCAT_WS | Adds two or more strings together with a separator |
DATALENGTH | Returns the number of bytes used to represent an expression |
DIFFERENCE | Compares two SOUNDEX values, and returns an integer value |
FORMAT | Formats a value with the specified format |
LEFT | Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting from left) |
LEN | Returns the length of a string |
LOWER | Converts a string to lower-case |
LTRIM | Removes leading spaces from a string |
NCHAR | Returns the Unicode character based on the number code |
PATINDEX | Returns the position of a pattern in a string |
QUOTENAME | Returns a Unicode string with delimiters added to make the string a valid SQL Server delimited identifier |
REPLACE | Replaces all occurrences of a substring within a string, with a new substring |
REPLICATE | Repeats a string a specified number of times |
REVERSE | Reverses a string and returns the result |
RIGHT | Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting from right) |
RTRIM | Removes trailing spaces from a string |
SOUNDEX | Returns a four-character code to evaluate the similarity of two strings |
SPACE | Returns a string of the specified number of space characters |
STR | Returns a number as string |
STUFF | Deletes a part of a string and then inserts another part into the string, starting at a specified position |
SUBSTRING | Extracts some characters from a string |
TRANSLATE | Returns the string from the first argument after the characters specified in the second argument are translated into the characters specified in the third argument. |
TRIM | Removes leading and trailing spaces (or other specified characters) from a string |
UNICODE | Returns the Unicode value for the first character of the input expression |
UPPER | Converts a string to upper-case |
SQL Server Math/Numeric Functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ABS | Returns the absolute value of a number |
ACOS | Returns the arc cosine of a number |
ASIN | Returns the arc sine of a number |
ATAN | Returns the arc tangent of a number |
ATN2 | Returns the arc tangent of two numbers |
AVG | Returns the average value of an expression |
CEILING | Returns the smallest integer value that is >= a number |
COUNT | Returns the number of records returned by a select query |
COS | Returns the cosine of a number |
COT | Returns the cotangent of a number |
DEGREES | Converts a value in radians to degrees |
EXP | Returns e raised to the power of a specified number |
FLOOR | Returns the largest integer value that is <=> => |
LOG | Returns the natural logarithm of a number, or the logarithm of a number to a specified base |
LOG10 | Returns the natural logarithm of a number to base 10 |
MAX | Returns the maximum value in a set of values |
MIN | Returns the minimum value in a set of values |
PI | Returns the value of PI |
POWER | Returns the value of a number raised to the power of another number |
RADIANS | Converts a degree value into radians |
RAND | Returns a random number |
ROUND | Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places |
SIGN | Returns the sign of a number |
SIN | Returns the sine of a number |
SQRT | Returns the square root of a number |
SQUARE | Returns the square of a number |
SUM | Calculates the sum of a set of values |
TAN | Returns the tangent of a number |
SQL Server Date Functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | Returns the current date and time |
DATEADD | Adds a time/date interval to a date and then returns the date |
DATEDIFF | Returns the difference between two dates |
DATEFROMPARTS | Returns a date from the specified parts (year, month, and day values) |
DATENAME | Returns a specified part of a date (as string) |
DATEPART | Returns a specified part of a date (as integer) |
DAY | Returns the day of the month for a specified date |
GETDATE | Returns the current database system date and time |
GETUTCDATE | Returns the current database system UTC date and time |
ISDATE | Checks an expression and returns 1 if it is a valid date, otherwise 0 |
MONTH | Returns the month part for a specified date (a number from 1 to 12) |
SYSDATETIME | Returns the date and time of the SQL Server |
YEAR | Returns the year part for a specified date |
SQL Server Advanced Functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
CAST | Converts a value (of any type) into a specified datatype |
COALESCE | Returns the first non-null value in a list |
CONVERT | Converts a value (of any type) into a specified datatype |
CURRENT_USER | Returns the name of the current user in the SQL Server database |
IIF | Returns a value if a condition is TRUE, or another value if a condition is FALSE |
ISNULL | Return a specified value if the expression is NULL, otherwise return the expression |
ISNUMERIC | Tests whether an expression is numeric |
NULLIF | Returns NULL if two expressions are equal |
SESSION_USER | Returns the name of the current user in the SQL Server database |
SESSIONPROPERTY | Returns the session settings for a specified option |
SYSTEM_USER | Returns the login name for the current user |
USER_NAME | Returns the database user name based on the specified id |